![]() ![]() ![]() These regions have closed magnetic field lines, in which the magnetic field strength is large enough to contain the plasma. Most ejections originate from active regions on the Sun's surface, such as groupings of sunspots associated with frequent flares. However, some CMEs exhibit more complex geometry. The dense core is usually interpreted as a prominence embedded in the CME (see § Eruptive prominences) with the leading edge as an area of compressed plasma ahead of the CME flux rope. A typical CME may have any or all of three distinctive features: a dense core, a surrounding cavity of low electron density, and a bright leading edge. This magnetic field is commonly in the form of a flux rope, a helical magnetic field with changing pitch angles.ĬMEs can typically be observed in white-light coronagraphs via Thomson scattering of sunlight off of free electrons within the CME plasma. The ejected matter is a plasma consisting primarily of electrons and protons embedded within the ejected magnetic field. Ī video of a series of filament and prominence eruptions during solar cycle 24ĬMEs release large quantities of matter and magnetic flux away from the Sun's atmosphere and into the solar wind and interplanetary space. ![]() Near solar maxima, the Sun produces about three CMEs every day, whereas near solar minima, there is about one CME every five days. Also known as the Carrington Event, it disabled parts of the at the time newly created United States telegraph network, starting fires and shocking some telegraph operators. The largest recorded geomagnetic perturbation, resulting presumably from a CME, was the solar storm of 1859. ICMEs are capable of reaching and colliding with Earth's magnetosphere, where they can cause geomagnetic storms, aurorae, and in rare cases damage to electrical power grids. If a CME enters interplanetary space, it is referred to as an interplanetary coronal mass ejection ( ICME). CMEs are often associated with solar flares and other forms of solar activity, but a broadly accepted theoretical understanding of these relationships has not been established. A coronal mass ejection ( CME) is a significant release of plasma and accompanying magnetic field from the Sun's corona into the heliosphere. ![]()
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